> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.tensor9.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Lambda Function costs

> Compare Lambda Function backend choices using explicit service-adapter planning assumptions.

Tensor9 BYOC planning comparisons for `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`, with backend choices shown together. Read [how Tensor9 estimates service-adapter costs](/byoc/costs/overview.md) for price scope and capacity qualification, or return to [additional services](/byoc/costs/additional-services.md).

## Lambda function execution → AKS function Deployments

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `azure::1.0.0::aks::cluster`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: eastus; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/1e9970e573bb81d027ab8f78d413239e8d3f3f211471cf339bd67377040ef27b-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/50c7a37002e4be8bc31b448c1cf515cdedf14b663c684802fd93e35059fe7980-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | AKS Cluster | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | AKS Cluster | 0 | -2 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | AKS Cluster | 0.0063478660260066666666666666666666671744959487472 | -2.0103188339739933333333333333333333328255040512528 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | AKS Cluster | 0.063478660260066666666666666666666671744959487472 | -2.103188339739933333333333333333333328255040512528 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | AKS Cluster | 0.63478660260066666666666666666666671744959487472 | -3.03188339739933333333333333333333328255040512528 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | AKS Cluster | 6.3478660260066666666666666666666671744959487472 | -12.3188339739933333333333333333333328255040512528 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | AKS Cluster | 63.478660260066666666666666666666671744959487472 | -105.188339739933333333333333333333328255040512528 |

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| AKS Cluster | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| AKS Cluster | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| AKS Cluster | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| AKS Cluster | Target list price · GiB-month | 0.0803 | USD/GiB-month |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Target list price · network GiB | 0.087 | USD/network GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| AKS Cluster | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.033 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| AKS Cluster | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.00375 | USD/GiB-hour |
| AKS Cluster | Target list price · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| AKS Cluster | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| AKS Cluster | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| AKS Cluster | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| AKS Cluster | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| AKS Cluster | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| AKS Cluster | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| AKS Cluster | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| AKS Cluster | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| AKS Cluster | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| AKS Cluster | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| AKS Cluster | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| AKS Cluster | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| AKS Cluster | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| AKS Cluster | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| AKS Cluster | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| AKS Cluster | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| AKS Cluster | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → eastus, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Cluster control-plane hours bill at the listed management fee and worker CPU/RAM at the provider's VM decomposition; allocate a shared cluster once across adapters. The compiler emits the AKS Free tier unless the origin uses Karpenter, when Node Auto-Provisioning requires sku\_tier Standard (USD 0.10/cluster-hour); edit the control-plane rate for that case. Azure: Dsv5 decomposed against Esv5; Premium SSD v2 disk; internet egress.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Azure Retail Prices API: [https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-9d73a063ca41aca007829fa24fe1f69ef5f1e5d3` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Azure Retail Prices API](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices).

## Lambda function execution → Azure Container Apps

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `azure::1.0.0::container-apps`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: East US; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/1b22f19927dd231789f754623b583abeaa47cbe723daced9080c9f8782d6707d-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/3712f682dd24a0ae76334f3931f86acef0f63e2ddd17bfaa1df497c97afacaa3-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | Container Apps | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | Container Apps | 3.2 | 1.2 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Container Apps | 3.2 | 1.1833333 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Container Apps | 3.2 | 1.033333 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Container Apps | 3.2 | -0.46667 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Container Apps | 14.69259468627200000000000000000000135140757490176 | -3.97410531372799999999999999999999864859242509824 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Container Apps | 166.7259468627200000000000000000000135140757490176 | -1.9410531372799999999999999999999864859242509824 |

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| Container Apps | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Container Apps | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Container Apps | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Container Apps | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Container Apps | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Container Apps | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Container Apps | Target list price · provider operation | 0.0000004 | USD/provider operation |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · GiB-month | 0 | USD/GiB-month |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Container Apps | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.0864 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Container Apps | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.0108 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Container Apps | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Container Apps | Included before billing · vCPU-hour | 50 | vCPU-hour |
| Container Apps | Included before billing · GiB-hour | 100 | GiB-hour |
| Container Apps | Included before billing · provider operation | 2000000 | provider operation |
| Container Apps | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Container Apps | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Container Apps | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Container Apps | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Container Apps | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Container Apps | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| Container Apps | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Container Apps | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Container Apps | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Container Apps | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Container Apps | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Container Apps | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Container Apps | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Container Apps | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Container Apps | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Container Apps | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Container Apps | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Container Apps | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → East US, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Azure Container Apps (Consumption plan) bills active vCPU-seconds, GiB-seconds and requests after a monthly free grant per subscription. Idle minimum replicas bill USD 0.000003 per vCPU-second and are not inferred; TCP apps bill per connection.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Azure Retail Prices API: [https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices)
* Azure Container Apps pricing: [https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/details/container-apps/](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/details/container-apps/)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-18784886d9472a4de5d83c55f6d3c7a66412e30b` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Azure Retail Prices API](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices), [Azure Container Apps pricing](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/details/container-apps/).

## Lambda function execution → Azure Functions (Flex Consumption)

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `azure::1.0.0::functions::flex-consumption`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: East US; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/bbb254dd26d7ecbf9a9cc7e05bdd2063384c8ccebdcb8e7419fd6121191a3ba2-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/ef3a1f69318cc88b0d1f8ec1b4b4b60a971a093df5e7dc03d90682b10af70407-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | Functions (Flex Consumption) | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | Functions (Flex Consumption) | 3.9 | 1.9 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Functions (Flex Consumption) | 3.9 | 1.8833333 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Functions (Flex Consumption) | 3.9 | 1.733333 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Functions (Flex Consumption) | 3.9 | 0.23333 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Functions (Flex Consumption) | 27.29999999999997920000000000000000208 | 8.63329999999997920000000000000000208 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Functions (Flex Consumption) | 261.2999999999999792000000000000000208 | 92.6329999999999792000000000000000208 |

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target list price · provider operation | 0.0000004 | USD/provider operation |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · GiB-month | 0 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · vCPU-hour | 0 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.0936 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Included before billing · GiB-hour | 27.777777777778 | GiB-hour |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Included before billing · provider operation | 250000 | provider operation |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Flex Consumption) | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → East US, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Azure Functions Flex Consumption bills the provisioned instance memory (512, 2,048 or 4,096 MB) while instances execute, plus executions, after a monthly free grant per subscription; there is no separate CPU charge. Only memory GiB-hours are billed, so the family's selected target memory stands in for the instance size. Always-ready instances (USD 0.000004 per GB-second idle) are not selected.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Azure Retail Prices API: [https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-606c390b831b0582ffcc26ba50422236ac661177` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Azure Retail Prices API](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices).

## Lambda function execution → Azure Functions (Premium)

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `azure::1.0.0::functions::premium`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: East US; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/0ad5a672ddc213087e12eb0cf4316e9f1ceed14313fb0c746bc43722699ceb2c-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/ecfddeffa245e66881b782f8eba39492de80035373f05098457fd721d22bb1d1-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.
Estimated allocation from planning assumptions; not benchmark calibrated. Lines connect evaluated samples; intermediate capacity and prices are not inferred. Unpriced means no target quote or cost difference is available within the sizing policy.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | Functions (Premium) | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | Functions (Premium) (one copy) | 324.412 | 322.412 |
| 0 | 2 | Functions (Premium) (two copies) | 648.824 | 646.824 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Functions (Premium) (one copy) | 324.412 | 322.3953333 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Functions (Premium) (two copies) | 648.824 | 646.8073333 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Functions (Premium) (one copy) | 324.412 | 322.245333 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Functions (Premium) (two copies) | 648.824 | 646.657333 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Functions (Premium) (one copy) | 324.412 | 320.74533 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Functions (Premium) (two copies) | 648.824 | 645.15733 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Functions (Premium) (one copy) | 324.412 | 305.7453 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Functions (Premium) (two copies) | 648.824 | 630.1573 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Functions (Premium) (one copy) | 648.824 | 480.157 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Functions (Premium) (two copies) | 1297.648 | 1128.981 |

**Estimated allocation from planning assumptions; not benchmark calibrated.**

The sizing policy grows compute with translated work and peak headroom, memory with compute and working set, and disk with resident working state and reserve. Monthly usage is distinct from resident data; each workload's assumptions define the translation. HA changes pricing, not this policy's throughput estimate. Unpriced workloads exceed the policy's configuration range; no silent vertical cap or automatic sharding is assumed.

| Sample / scenario | Basis | Mean / peak work/s | Required vCPU | Allocated vCPU | Memory GiB | SSD GiB | Resident GiB | Policy | Constraints |
| - | - | -: | -: | -: | -: | -: | -: | - | - |
| 0 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 0 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.0002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.0002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 100000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.02202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 100000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.02202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.2202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.2202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 2.202656438082191780821917808219178 | 4 | 16 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000000 GB-second/month / Functions (Premium) (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 2.202656438082191780821917808219178 | 4 | 16 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |

* Row-store throughput (capacityOpsPerVcpuSecond, default 1500) is measured-by-tensor9 as a lower bound: the DynamoDB adapter on Cloud SQL db-custom-2-7680 (2 vCPU, PostgreSQL 16, us-west1) served 2,974 ops/s of YCSB-A at 16 threads without recorded saturation (src/main/kotlin/t9/prime/equiv/generated/eval/CloudsqlPostgresqlYcsbAT16GoYcsbV1\_0\_0.kt). Published CPU-bound pgbench reaches 3,101 read-write transactions and 20,289 point reads per vCPU-second (AWS z1d.2xlarge, PostgreSQL 14.5), so actual capacity is likely higher. Reads and writes share one coefficient: at the same adapter version, read-only YCSB-C was not faster than 50%-update YCSB-A.
* Log-broker throughput (capacityStreamMiBPerVcpuSecond 20 at 0.5 utilization, 4 GiB RAM per vCPU) is provider-documented by Google Managed Service for Apache Kafka sizing ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size](https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size)): write-equivalent bytes are replicated writes plus a quarter of reads. Producer batches below 10 KB lower per-CPU throughput; that penalty is not modeled.
* Disk utilization 0.8 is provider-documented headroom below Cloud SQL automatic storage increase, which triggers near 91-95% full ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings)). The 20 GiB reserve exceeds PostgreSQL's 1 GB default max\_wal\_size; the remainder of that reserve is unmeasured.
* CPU tiers, 4 GiB per vCPU, at most 6.5 GiB per vCPU, 96 vCPU and 65,536 GiB disk follow Cloud SQL Enterprise custom machine limits (provider-documented, same page); 624 GiB is 96 × 6.5. Targets billed per node, unit or throughput unit are sized by their backend instead.
* No public evidence: peak/mean work (2) and the RAM working-set fraction (0.1). Proposed measurements: the p99 one-minute rate over the monthly mean from customer CloudWatch metrics; the buffer hit ratio while stepping RAM under a fixed YCSB-B load.
* Stored GiB already includes the origin family's physical footprint assumptions; no second storage amplification is applied.
* The workload family already selected resource-hours; the throughput coefficient is not applied again.
* Copies and allocation fractions change cost only; they do not increase modeled primary capacity.

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · GiB-month | 0 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.173 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.0123 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Target service minimum | 157.7165 | USD/month |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (one copy) | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · GiB-month | 0 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.173 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.0123 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Target service minimum | 157.7165 | USD/month |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Additional full-price standby copy | 1 | 0 or 1 |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Functions (Premium) (two copies) | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → East US, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Azure Functions Premium bills allocated vCPU and memory per second for every instance, with at least one instance always allocated, and no execution charge. Plans come in EP1 (1 vCPU, 3.5 GB, USD 157.72/month), EP2 (2 vCPU, 7 GB) and EP3 (4 vCPU, 14 GB); the model bills the selected CPU and RAM without rounding to an EP size. Instance disk (250 GB) is included; the function app's storage account bills separately at Azure Storage rates.
* Row-store throughput (capacityOpsPerVcpuSecond, default 1500) is measured-by-tensor9 as a lower bound: the DynamoDB adapter on Cloud SQL db-custom-2-7680 (2 vCPU, PostgreSQL 16, us-west1) served 2,974 ops/s of YCSB-A at 16 threads without recorded saturation (src/main/kotlin/t9/prime/equiv/generated/eval/CloudsqlPostgresqlYcsbAT16GoYcsbV1\_0\_0.kt). Published CPU-bound pgbench reaches 3,101 read-write transactions and 20,289 point reads per vCPU-second (AWS z1d.2xlarge, PostgreSQL 14.5), so actual capacity is likely higher. Reads and writes share one coefficient: at the same adapter version, read-only YCSB-C was not faster than 50%-update YCSB-A.
* Log-broker throughput (capacityStreamMiBPerVcpuSecond 20 at 0.5 utilization, 4 GiB RAM per vCPU) is provider-documented by Google Managed Service for Apache Kafka sizing ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size](https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size)): write-equivalent bytes are replicated writes plus a quarter of reads. Producer batches below 10 KB lower per-CPU throughput; that penalty is not modeled.
* Disk utilization 0.8 is provider-documented headroom below Cloud SQL automatic storage increase, which triggers near 91-95% full ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings)). The 20 GiB reserve exceeds PostgreSQL's 1 GB default max\_wal\_size; the remainder of that reserve is unmeasured.
* CPU tiers, 4 GiB per vCPU, at most 6.5 GiB per vCPU, 96 vCPU and 65,536 GiB disk follow Cloud SQL Enterprise custom machine limits (provider-documented, same page); 624 GiB is 96 × 6.5. Targets billed per node, unit or throughput unit are sized by their backend instead.
* No public evidence: peak/mean work (2) and the RAM working-set fraction (0.1). Proposed measurements: the p99 one-minute rate over the monthly mean from customer CloudWatch metrics; the buffer hit ratio while stepping RAM under a fixed YCSB-B load.
* Stored GiB already includes the origin family's physical footprint assumptions; no second storage amplification is applied.
* The workload family already selected resource-hours; the throughput coefficient is not applied again.
* Copies and allocation fractions change cost only; they do not increase modeled primary capacity.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Azure Retail Prices API: [https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-7a1e608fdadecb2610ce214e1529ccbaaefb9bfe` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Azure Retail Prices API](https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices).

## Lambda function execution → Cloud Run

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `google::1.0.0::cloud-run`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: us-central1; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/c740f59ab8d31834ba61c14141792034a141ad593b9ef511d2467858760d91b6-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/7ce3c0674fb3d3c870361207c873c03a10408118b2ca16a4454838858fa7600d-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | Cloud Run | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | Cloud Run | 3.2 | 1.2 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Cloud Run | 3.2 | 1.1833333 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Cloud Run | 3.2 | 1.033333 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Cloud Run | 3.2 | -0.46667 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Cloud Run | 14.37259468627200000000000000000000131140757490176 | -4.29410531372799999999999999999999868859242509824 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Cloud Run | 161.9059468627200000000000000000000131140757490176 | -6.7610531372799999999999999999999868859242509824 |

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| Cloud Run | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Cloud Run | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Cloud Run | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Cloud Run | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Cloud Run | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Cloud Run | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Cloud Run | Target list price · provider operation | 0.0000004 | USD/provider operation |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · GiB-month | 0 | USD/GiB-month |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Cloud Run | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.0864 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Cloud Run | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.009 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Cloud Run | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Cloud Run | Included before billing · vCPU-hour | 50 | vCPU-hour |
| Cloud Run | Included before billing · GiB-hour | 100 | GiB-hour |
| Cloud Run | Included before billing · provider operation | 2000000 | provider operation |
| Cloud Run | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Cloud Run | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Cloud Run | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Cloud Run | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Cloud Run | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Cloud Run | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| Cloud Run | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Cloud Run | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Cloud Run | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Cloud Run | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Cloud Run | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Cloud Run | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Cloud Run | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Cloud Run | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Cloud Run | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Cloud Run | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Cloud Run | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Cloud Run | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → us-central1, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Google Cloud Run services with request-based billing bill active CPU and memory time (rounded up to 100 ms) and requests, after a monthly free tier per billing account. Idle minimum instances bill USD 0.0000025 per vCPU-second; instance-based billing (USD 0.000018 per vCPU-second and 0.000002 per GiB-second, no request fee) is not selected. Concurrency sharing is not inferred.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Cloud Run pricing: [https://cloud.google.com/run/pricing](https://cloud.google.com/run/pricing)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-9d04bec46767ff3a74f7d316fb8aa2df7bf73b7d` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Cloud Run pricing](https://cloud.google.com/run/pricing).

## Lambda function execution → Knative Service

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `knative::1.0.0::service`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: us-central1; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/8be07ae08304747da2627eb807094af4d1def6acf3053841433c47ad611ab134-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/47a3c2515ff338804a3a8dea78a926725796c39a8f3c8f15f18c3b2845a8bf19-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.
Estimated allocation from planning assumptions; not benchmark calibrated. Lines connect evaluated samples; intermediate capacity and prices are not inferred. Unpriced means no target quote or cost difference is available within the sizing policy.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | Knative Service | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | Knative Service (one copy) | 80.89614 | 78.89614 |
| 0 | 2 | Knative Service (two copies) | 161.79228 | 159.79228 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Knative Service (one copy) | 80.89614 | 78.8794733 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Knative Service (two copies) | 161.79228 | 159.7756133 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Knative Service (one copy) | 80.89614 | 78.729473 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Knative Service (two copies) | 161.79228 | 159.625613 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Knative Service (one copy) | 80.89614 | 77.22947 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Knative Service (two copies) | 161.79228 | 158.12561 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Knative Service (one copy) | 80.89614 | 62.22944 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Knative Service (two copies) | 161.79228 | 143.12558 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Knative Service (one copy) | 151.79228 | -16.87472 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Knative Service (two copies) | 303.58456 | 134.91756 |

**Estimated allocation from planning assumptions; not benchmark calibrated.**

The sizing policy grows compute with translated work and peak headroom, memory with compute and working set, and disk with resident working state and reserve. Monthly usage is distinct from resident data; each workload's assumptions define the translation. HA changes pricing, not this policy's throughput estimate. Unpriced workloads exceed the policy's configuration range; no silent vertical cap or automatic sharding is assumed.

| Sample / scenario | Basis | Mean / peak work/s | Required vCPU | Allocated vCPU | Memory GiB | SSD GiB | Resident GiB | Policy | Constraints |
| - | - | -: | -: | -: | -: | -: | -: | - | - |
| 0 GB-second/month / Knative Service (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 0 GB-second/month / Knative Service (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.0002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.0002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 100000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.02202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 100000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.02202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.2202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.2202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 2.202656438082191780821917808219178 | 4 | 16 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000000 GB-second/month / Knative Service (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 2.202656438082191780821917808219178 | 4 | 16 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |

* Row-store throughput (capacityOpsPerVcpuSecond, default 1500) is measured-by-tensor9 as a lower bound: the DynamoDB adapter on Cloud SQL db-custom-2-7680 (2 vCPU, PostgreSQL 16, us-west1) served 2,974 ops/s of YCSB-A at 16 threads without recorded saturation (src/main/kotlin/t9/prime/equiv/generated/eval/CloudsqlPostgresqlYcsbAT16GoYcsbV1\_0\_0.kt). Published CPU-bound pgbench reaches 3,101 read-write transactions and 20,289 point reads per vCPU-second (AWS z1d.2xlarge, PostgreSQL 14.5), so actual capacity is likely higher. Reads and writes share one coefficient: at the same adapter version, read-only YCSB-C was not faster than 50%-update YCSB-A.
* Log-broker throughput (capacityStreamMiBPerVcpuSecond 20 at 0.5 utilization, 4 GiB RAM per vCPU) is provider-documented by Google Managed Service for Apache Kafka sizing ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size](https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size)): write-equivalent bytes are replicated writes plus a quarter of reads. Producer batches below 10 KB lower per-CPU throughput; that penalty is not modeled.
* Disk utilization 0.8 is provider-documented headroom below Cloud SQL automatic storage increase, which triggers near 91-95% full ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings)). The 20 GiB reserve exceeds PostgreSQL's 1 GB default max\_wal\_size; the remainder of that reserve is unmeasured.
* CPU tiers, 4 GiB per vCPU, at most 6.5 GiB per vCPU, 96 vCPU and 65,536 GiB disk follow Cloud SQL Enterprise custom machine limits (provider-documented, same page); 624 GiB is 96 × 6.5. Targets billed per node, unit or throughput unit are sized by their backend instead.
* No public evidence: peak/mean work (2) and the RAM working-set fraction (0.1). Proposed measurements: the p99 one-minute rate over the monthly mean from customer CloudWatch metrics; the buffer hit ratio while stepping RAM under a fixed YCSB-B load.
* Stored GiB already includes the origin family's physical footprint assumptions; no second storage amplification is applied.
* The workload family already selected resource-hours; the throughput coefficient is not applied again.
* Copies and allocation fractions change cost only; they do not increase modeled primary capacity.

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target list price · GiB-month | 0.1 | USD/GiB-month |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target list price · network GiB | 0.12 | USD/network GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.031611 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.004237 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Knative Service (one copy) | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target list price · GiB-month | 0.1 | USD/GiB-month |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target list price · network GiB | 0.12 | USD/network GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.031611 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.004237 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Additional full-price standby copy | 1 | 0 or 1 |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Knative Service (two copies) | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → us-central1, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Self-hosted target: Knative Serving (Apache-2.0, [https://github.com/knative/serving/blob/main/LICENSE](https://github.com/knative/serving/blob/main/LICENSE)). Selected CPU, RAM and physical disk allocation grow with workload; no per-operation price is assumed. No vendor tariff: the target runs on the customer's Kubernetes nodes, so CPU, RAM and disk bill at the Kubernetes node reference rates, Compute Engine N2 in us-central1 (USD 0.031611/vCPU-hour, 0.004237/GiB-hour) with pd-balanced disk (0.10/GiB-month) and Premium Tier egress. The cost-optimized E2 series lists 0.02181159/vCPU-hour and 0.00292353/GiB-hour; AWS m6i/r6i and Azure D2s v5/E2s v5 both decompose to 0.033/vCPU-hour and 0.00375/GiB-hour. Requested CPU and RAM are billed; node bin-packing waste, system reservations and the cluster control-plane fee are not.
* Row-store throughput (capacityOpsPerVcpuSecond, default 1500) is measured-by-tensor9 as a lower bound: the DynamoDB adapter on Cloud SQL db-custom-2-7680 (2 vCPU, PostgreSQL 16, us-west1) served 2,974 ops/s of YCSB-A at 16 threads without recorded saturation (src/main/kotlin/t9/prime/equiv/generated/eval/CloudsqlPostgresqlYcsbAT16GoYcsbV1\_0\_0.kt). Published CPU-bound pgbench reaches 3,101 read-write transactions and 20,289 point reads per vCPU-second (AWS z1d.2xlarge, PostgreSQL 14.5), so actual capacity is likely higher. Reads and writes share one coefficient: at the same adapter version, read-only YCSB-C was not faster than 50%-update YCSB-A.
* Log-broker throughput (capacityStreamMiBPerVcpuSecond 20 at 0.5 utilization, 4 GiB RAM per vCPU) is provider-documented by Google Managed Service for Apache Kafka sizing ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size](https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size)): write-equivalent bytes are replicated writes plus a quarter of reads. Producer batches below 10 KB lower per-CPU throughput; that penalty is not modeled.
* Disk utilization 0.8 is provider-documented headroom below Cloud SQL automatic storage increase, which triggers near 91-95% full ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings)). The 20 GiB reserve exceeds PostgreSQL's 1 GB default max\_wal\_size; the remainder of that reserve is unmeasured.
* CPU tiers, 4 GiB per vCPU, at most 6.5 GiB per vCPU, 96 vCPU and 65,536 GiB disk follow Cloud SQL Enterprise custom machine limits (provider-documented, same page); 624 GiB is 96 × 6.5. Targets billed per node, unit or throughput unit are sized by their backend instead.
* No public evidence: peak/mean work (2) and the RAM working-set fraction (0.1). Proposed measurements: the p99 one-minute rate over the monthly mean from customer CloudWatch metrics; the buffer hit ratio while stepping RAM under a fixed YCSB-B load.
* Stored GiB already includes the origin family's physical footprint assumptions; no second storage amplification is applied.
* The workload family already selected resource-hours; the throughput coefficient is not applied again.
* Copies and allocation fractions change cost only; they do not increase modeled primary capacity.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Compute Engine general-purpose machine pricing: [https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose](https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose)
* Disk and image pricing: [https://cloud.google.com/compute/disks-image-pricing](https://cloud.google.com/compute/disks-image-pricing)
* Network pricing: [https://cloud.google.com/vpc/network-pricing](https://cloud.google.com/vpc/network-pricing)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-862fa044707b19e43919c2565b77c04c1dc5217b` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Compute Engine general-purpose machine pricing](https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose), [Disk and image pricing](https://cloud.google.com/compute/disks-image-pricing), [Network pricing](https://cloud.google.com/vpc/network-pricing).

## Lambda function execution → Kubernetes Cluster

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `kubernetes::1.0.0::cluster`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: us-central1; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/6c72add6aacd36fc91b58edf64b1eb09f392d08c108e6ab254f697bdb4203f4d-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/3c5aac860e38cd8a2769d956c2d0ae0c7311cd203c92c9eaac2943edaac4c52a-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.
Estimated allocation from planning assumptions; not benchmark calibrated. Lines connect evaluated samples; intermediate capacity and prices are not inferred. Unpriced means no target quote or cost difference is available within the sizing policy.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | Kubernetes Cluster | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | 80.89614 | 78.89614 |
| 0 | 2 | Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | 161.79228 | 159.79228 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | 80.89614 | 78.8794733 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | 161.79228 | 159.7756133 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | 80.89614 | 78.729473 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | 161.79228 | 159.625613 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | 80.89614 | 77.22947 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | 161.79228 | 158.12561 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | 80.89614 | 62.22944 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | 161.79228 | 143.12558 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | 151.79228 | -16.87472 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | 303.58456 | 134.91756 |

**Estimated allocation from planning assumptions; not benchmark calibrated.**

The sizing policy grows compute with translated work and peak headroom, memory with compute and working set, and disk with resident working state and reserve. Monthly usage is distinct from resident data; each workload's assumptions define the translation. HA changes pricing, not this policy's throughput estimate. Unpriced workloads exceed the policy's configuration range; no silent vertical cap or automatic sharding is assumed.

| Sample / scenario | Basis | Mean / peak work/s | Required vCPU | Allocated vCPU | Memory GiB | SSD GiB | Resident GiB | Policy | Constraints |
| - | - | -: | -: | -: | -: | -: | -: | - | - |
| 0 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 0 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.0002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.0002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.002202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 100000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.02202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 100000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.02202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.2202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 1000000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 0.2202656438082191780821917808219178 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 2.202656438082191780821917808219178 | 4 | 16 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |
| 10000000 GB-second/month / Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | PlanningAssumption | 0 / 0 | 2.202656438082191780821917808219178 | 4 | 16 | 100 | 0 | `service-adapter-planning-2026-10-22.1` | None reported |

* Row-store throughput (capacityOpsPerVcpuSecond, default 1500) is measured-by-tensor9 as a lower bound: the DynamoDB adapter on Cloud SQL db-custom-2-7680 (2 vCPU, PostgreSQL 16, us-west1) served 2,974 ops/s of YCSB-A at 16 threads without recorded saturation (src/main/kotlin/t9/prime/equiv/generated/eval/CloudsqlPostgresqlYcsbAT16GoYcsbV1\_0\_0.kt). Published CPU-bound pgbench reaches 3,101 read-write transactions and 20,289 point reads per vCPU-second (AWS z1d.2xlarge, PostgreSQL 14.5), so actual capacity is likely higher. Reads and writes share one coefficient: at the same adapter version, read-only YCSB-C was not faster than 50%-update YCSB-A.
* Log-broker throughput (capacityStreamMiBPerVcpuSecond 20 at 0.5 utilization, 4 GiB RAM per vCPU) is provider-documented by Google Managed Service for Apache Kafka sizing ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size](https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size)): write-equivalent bytes are replicated writes plus a quarter of reads. Producer batches below 10 KB lower per-CPU throughput; that penalty is not modeled.
* Disk utilization 0.8 is provider-documented headroom below Cloud SQL automatic storage increase, which triggers near 91-95% full ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings)). The 20 GiB reserve exceeds PostgreSQL's 1 GB default max\_wal\_size; the remainder of that reserve is unmeasured.
* CPU tiers, 4 GiB per vCPU, at most 6.5 GiB per vCPU, 96 vCPU and 65,536 GiB disk follow Cloud SQL Enterprise custom machine limits (provider-documented, same page); 624 GiB is 96 × 6.5. Targets billed per node, unit or throughput unit are sized by their backend instead.
* No public evidence: peak/mean work (2) and the RAM working-set fraction (0.1). Proposed measurements: the p99 one-minute rate over the monthly mean from customer CloudWatch metrics; the buffer hit ratio while stepping RAM under a fixed YCSB-B load.
* Stored GiB already includes the origin family's physical footprint assumptions; no second storage amplification is applied.
* The workload family already selected resource-hours; the throughput coefficient is not applied again.
* Copies and allocation fractions change cost only; they do not increase modeled primary capacity.

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target list price · GiB-month | 0.1 | USD/GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target list price · network GiB | 0.12 | USD/network GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.031611 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.004237 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (one copy) | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target list price · GiB-month | 0.1 | USD/GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target list price · network GiB | 0.12 | USD/network GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.031611 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.004237 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Additional full-price standby copy | 1 | 0 or 1 |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Kubernetes Cluster (two copies) | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → us-central1, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Self-hosted target: Kubernetes (Apache-2.0, [https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/LICENSE](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/LICENSE)); the host cloud's managed control plane is a separate per-cluster-hour allocation. Selected CPU, RAM and physical disk allocation grow with workload; no per-operation price is assumed. No vendor tariff: the target runs on the customer's Kubernetes nodes, so CPU, RAM and disk bill at the Kubernetes node reference rates, Compute Engine N2 in us-central1 (USD 0.031611/vCPU-hour, 0.004237/GiB-hour) with pd-balanced disk (0.10/GiB-month) and Premium Tier egress. The cost-optimized E2 series lists 0.02181159/vCPU-hour and 0.00292353/GiB-hour; AWS m6i/r6i and Azure D2s v5/E2s v5 both decompose to 0.033/vCPU-hour and 0.00375/GiB-hour. Requested CPU and RAM are billed; node bin-packing waste, system reservations and the cluster control-plane fee are not.
* Row-store throughput (capacityOpsPerVcpuSecond, default 1500) is measured-by-tensor9 as a lower bound: the DynamoDB adapter on Cloud SQL db-custom-2-7680 (2 vCPU, PostgreSQL 16, us-west1) served 2,974 ops/s of YCSB-A at 16 threads without recorded saturation (src/main/kotlin/t9/prime/equiv/generated/eval/CloudsqlPostgresqlYcsbAT16GoYcsbV1\_0\_0.kt). Published CPU-bound pgbench reaches 3,101 read-write transactions and 20,289 point reads per vCPU-second (AWS z1d.2xlarge, PostgreSQL 14.5), so actual capacity is likely higher. Reads and writes share one coefficient: at the same adapter version, read-only YCSB-C was not faster than 50%-update YCSB-A.
* Log-broker throughput (capacityStreamMiBPerVcpuSecond 20 at 0.5 utilization, 4 GiB RAM per vCPU) is provider-documented by Google Managed Service for Apache Kafka sizing ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size](https://docs.cloud.google.com/managed-service-for-apache-kafka/docs/plan-cluster-size)): write-equivalent bytes are replicated writes plus a quarter of reads. Producer batches below 10 KB lower per-CPU throughput; that penalty is not modeled.
* Disk utilization 0.8 is provider-documented headroom below Cloud SQL automatic storage increase, which triggers near 91-95% full ([https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings)). The 20 GiB reserve exceeds PostgreSQL's 1 GB default max\_wal\_size; the remainder of that reserve is unmeasured.
* CPU tiers, 4 GiB per vCPU, at most 6.5 GiB per vCPU, 96 vCPU and 65,536 GiB disk follow Cloud SQL Enterprise custom machine limits (provider-documented, same page); 624 GiB is 96 × 6.5. Targets billed per node, unit or throughput unit are sized by their backend instead.
* No public evidence: peak/mean work (2) and the RAM working-set fraction (0.1). Proposed measurements: the p99 one-minute rate over the monthly mean from customer CloudWatch metrics; the buffer hit ratio while stepping RAM under a fixed YCSB-B load.
* Stored GiB already includes the origin family's physical footprint assumptions; no second storage amplification is applied.
* The workload family already selected resource-hours; the throughput coefficient is not applied again.
* Copies and allocation fractions change cost only; they do not increase modeled primary capacity.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Compute Engine general-purpose machine pricing: [https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose](https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose)
* Disk and image pricing: [https://cloud.google.com/compute/disks-image-pricing](https://cloud.google.com/compute/disks-image-pricing)
* Network pricing: [https://cloud.google.com/vpc/network-pricing](https://cloud.google.com/vpc/network-pricing)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-4ca7d416735f5e72009398967eee802fcd9a6157` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Compute Engine general-purpose machine pricing](https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose), [Disk and image pricing](https://cloud.google.com/compute/disks-image-pricing), [Network pricing](https://cloud.google.com/vpc/network-pricing).

## Lambda function execution → OCI Functions

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `oci::1.0.0::functions`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: us-ashburn-1 (OCI global price list); currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/5745b0c5df6ae03adef222ed9c73143be113de00db85ad44f934174a31391dd1-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/8651f336ef04587eb114a791f3e5f4d7f02e3fcf9f48f961bcab5b9fcffcc76f-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | OCI Functions | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | OCI Functions | 1.6 | -0.4 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | OCI Functions | 1.6 | -0.4166667 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | OCI Functions | 1.6 | -0.566667 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | OCI Functions | 1.6 | -2.06667 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | OCI Functions | 10.1020000000000056680000000000000011336 | -8.5646999999999943319999999999999988664 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | OCI Functions | 137.632000000000005668000000000000011336 | -31.034999999999994331999999999999988664 |

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| OCI Functions | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| OCI Functions | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| OCI Functions | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| OCI Functions | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| OCI Functions | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| OCI Functions | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| OCI Functions | Target list price · provider operation | 0.0000002 | USD/provider operation |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · GiB-month | 0 | USD/GiB-month |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · vCPU-hour | 0 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| OCI Functions | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.051012 | USD/GiB-hour |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| OCI Functions | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| OCI Functions | Included before billing · GiB-hour | 111.111111111111 | GiB-hour |
| OCI Functions | Included before billing · provider operation | 2000000 | provider operation |
| OCI Functions | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| OCI Functions | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| OCI Functions | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| OCI Functions | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| OCI Functions | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| OCI Functions | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| OCI Functions | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| OCI Functions | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| OCI Functions | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| OCI Functions | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| OCI Functions | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| OCI Functions | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| OCI Functions | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| OCI Functions | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| OCI Functions | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| OCI Functions | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| OCI Functions | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| OCI Functions | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → us-ashburn-1 (OCI global price list), USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* OCI Functions bills configured memory GB-seconds and invocations after a monthly free tier; there is no separate CPU charge, so memory GiB-hours are the billed execution unit.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* OCI price list API: [https://apexapps.oracle.com/pls/apex/cetools/api/v1/products/](https://apexapps.oracle.com/pls/apex/cetools/api/v1/products/)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-69be9ded38a3d521964960b7b1a3ba4a63c49cd8` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [OCI price list API](https://apexapps.oracle.com/pls/apex/cetools/api/v1/products/).

## Lambda function execution → OKE function Deployments

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `oci::1.0.0::oke::cluster`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: us-ashburn-1; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/16682b810b172984969d81b226edc1a74516e3c8726746ead9cee1631a672edc-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/1c1d73afd454a047b6234d1cdc2896c78865ae1994c71b17c82cee9e27cd574e-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | OKE Cluster | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | OKE Cluster | 0 | -2 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | OKE Cluster | 0.002967464355255555555555555555555555792952703976 | -2.013699235644744444444444444444444444207047296024 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | OKE Cluster | 0.02967464355255555555555555555555555792952703976 | -2.13699235644744444444444444444444444207047296024 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | OKE Cluster | 0.2967464355255555555555555555555555792952703976 | -3.3699235644744444444444444444444444207047296024 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | OKE Cluster | 2.967464355255555555555555555555555792952703976 | -15.699235644744444444444444444444444207047296024 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | OKE Cluster | 29.67464355255555555555555555555555792952703976 | -138.99235644744444444444444444444444207047296024 |

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| OKE Cluster | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| OKE Cluster | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| OKE Cluster | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| OKE Cluster | Target list price · GiB-month | 0.0425 | USD/GiB-month |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Target list price · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| OKE Cluster | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.015 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| OKE Cluster | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.002 | USD/GiB-hour |
| OKE Cluster | Target list price · resource-hour | 0.1 | USD/resource-hour |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| OKE Cluster | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| OKE Cluster | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| OKE Cluster | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| OKE Cluster | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| OKE Cluster | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| OKE Cluster | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| OKE Cluster | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| OKE Cluster | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| OKE Cluster | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| OKE Cluster | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| OKE Cluster | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| OKE Cluster | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| OKE Cluster | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| OKE Cluster | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| OKE Cluster | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| OKE Cluster | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| OKE Cluster | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → us-ashburn-1, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Cluster control-plane hours bill at the listed management fee and worker CPU/RAM at the provider's VM decomposition; allocate a shared cluster once across adapters. The compiler emits type ENHANCED\_CLUSTER (the EKS standard tier's equivalent); a Basic cluster is free. OCI: E5 flexible shape (the shape this repo emits); Balanced block volume; first 10 TB of egress free.
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* OCI price list API: [https://apexapps.oracle.com/pls/apex/cetools/api/v1/products/](https://apexapps.oracle.com/pls/apex/cetools/api/v1/products/)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-547ac01dce732c6a239f582fc198ec24d71ded9b` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [OCI price list API](https://apexapps.oracle.com/pls/apex/cetools/api/v1/products/).

## Lambda function execution → Scaleway Serverless Containers

Origin API: `aws::1.0.0::lambda::function`. Target backend: `scaleway::1.0.0::serverless::container`.

### Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month

Estimated monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded. Source: us-east-1; target: fr-par; currency: USD.

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/4508842440e182589b3353030f59c6437076c0353141b025d735e3d0ad70bc69-light.svg)

![Lambda function execution · Billed execution GB-seconds per month: monthly service charges by Billed execution GB-seconds per month. Exact values are in the following table.](/images/diagrams/service-cost/f92864c0da711f34a79fe8d7c4ca310ecc700ae89251f67a29e9e5ae6e2b80bb-dark.svg)

Comparison pills describe all sampled scale points; card amounts show the named workload. Costs The Same means within 20% at every point. Costs Depend includes mixed results and unpriced samples.

Exact sampled model outputs in USD/month. Difference means target minus origin; a positive difference means the target costs more.

| Billed execution GB-seconds per month (GB-second/month) | Lambda Function | Target scenario | Scaleway Serverless Containers | Difference |
| -: | -: | - | -: | -: |
| 0 | 2 | Scaleway Serverless Containers | 0 | -2 |
| 1000 | 2.0166667 | Scaleway Serverless Containers | 0 | -2.0166667 |
| 10000 | 2.166667 | Scaleway Serverless Containers | 0 | -2.166667 |
| 100000 | 3.66667 | Scaleway Serverless Containers | 0 | -3.66667 |
| 1000000 | 18.6667 | Scaleway Serverless Containers | 5.5897051441532229684000000000000006981684115322592 | -13.0769948558467770315999999999999993018315884677408 |
| 10000000 | 168.667 | Scaleway Serverless Containers | 84.133651441532382968400000000000006981684115322592 | -84.533348558467617031599999999999993018315884677408 |

**Curve assumptions**

| Target scenario | Assumption | Value | Unit |
| - | - | -: | - |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Origin list price · Lambda invocations | 0.0000002 | USD/Requests |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Origin list price · Lambda billed execution | 0.0000166667 | USD/GB-second |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Origin allocated function memory | 0.5 | GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target CPU per GiB of origin function memory | 0.578858111928 | vCPU/GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target memory per execution | 0.5 | GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target / origin duration | 1 | multiplier |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · read | 0 | USD/read |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · write | 0 | USD/write |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · provider operation | 0 | USD/provider operation |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · GiB-month | 0 | USD/GiB-month |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · published GiB | 0 | USD/published GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · delivered GiB | 0 | USD/delivered GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · network GiB | 0 | USD/network GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · replica GiB-month | 0 | USD/replica GiB-month |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target list price · vCPU-hour | 0.040338 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target list price · GiB-hour | 0.0080676 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · resource-hour | 0 | USD/resource-hour |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · resource-month | 0 | USD/resource-month |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · input token | 0 | USD/input token |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target price guess · output token | 0 | USD/output token |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Included before billing · vCPU-hour | 55.555555555556 | vCPU-hour |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Included before billing · GiB-hour | 111.111111111111 | GiB-hour |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Target monthly base charge | 0 | USD/month |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Approximate target service minimum | 0 | USD/month |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Minimum primary CPU | 2 | vCPU |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Minimum primary RAM | 8 | GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Minimum primary disk | 100 | GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Additional full-price standby copy | 0 | 0 or 1 |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Allocated share of provisioned cost | 1 | fraction |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Read/write work per vCPU-second | 1500 | operations/vCPU-second |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Planning peak / mean work | 2 | multiplier |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Planning primary CPU utilization | 0.7 | fraction |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Resident state reserved in RAM | 0.1 | fraction |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Planning disk utilization | 0.8 | fraction |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Maintenance and log disk reserve | 20 | GiB |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Staging database CPU unit-price guess | 0.0413 | USD/vCPU-hour |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Staging database RAM unit-price guess | 0.007 | USD/GiB-hour |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Staging database disk unit-price guess | 0.17 | USD/GiB-month |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Dependent object sink storage price guess | 0.023 | USD/GiB-month |
| Scaleway Serverless Containers | Dependent object sink write price guess | 0.000005 | USD/write |

* Only this native meter varies; all other source usage and translation assumptions retain the displayed defaults. Editable authored planning guesses, not verified provider tariffs, benchmark measurements or a commercial quote. Other native meters retain their explicitly displayed default quantities.
* Planning estimate · editable authored rates and sizing assumptions dated 2026-10-22; not verified provider prices. us-east-1 → fr-par, USD/month.
* Source prices are reference charges, not an invoice. Target lines cover selected service usage/configuration only; adapter hosting and Tensor9 fees are excluded.
* Explicit tariff samples are not performance measurements or capacity qualification. No interpolation or break-even guarantee is implied.
* Variant assumptions show the first axis sample; any axis-dependent configuration is described by this curve's workload note.
* Rates are cited provider list prices, editable for discounts, commitments or another region. Workload translation and capacity coefficients remain editable planning assumptions, not benchmark measurements or a commercial quote.
* Default-zero rates are explicit assumptions, not evidence that the deployed service or resource is free.
* Provisioned-unit minimums use an editable approximate allocation floor. Modeled target service cost is max(usage/allocation, minimum), with billable network, durable staging and dependent sinks added separately; actual RU/TU sizing, scaling increments and throughput remain unqualified.
* Durable staging is priced once: provisioned targets include adapter state in their selected allocation; native targets add a separate staging allocation when required. Adapter hosting is a separate allocation and must exclude resources already priced as staging, workers or target capacity.
* A declared adapter mapping and cost model do not establish implementation availability or service equivalence.
* This is a declared directed mapping; a planning estimate does not establish deployment or request-serving support.
* Origin unit prices are cited provider list prices; capacity coefficients and translation assumptions are editable authored planning guesses, not measured capacity or a provider quote.
* Execution seconds are billed GB-seconds / selected origin memory; target CPU follows Lambda's memory-proportional vCPU share, and CPU and RAM-hours scale with the duration multiplier.
* Invocation count and execution duration are independent inputs. The duration curve holds invocation count fixed.
* Scaleway Serverless Containers bills the allocated vCPU and memory tiers for the containers' run duration after a monthly free tier per account. There is no request charge, and ingress and egress are free ([https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/serverless-containers/faq/](https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/serverless-containers/faq/)).
* AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer: [https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json)
* Scaleway public product catalog: [https://api.scaleway.com/product-catalog/v2alpha1/public-catalog/products](https://api.scaleway.com/product-catalog/v2alpha1/public-catalog/products)
* Scaleway Serverless pricing: [https://www.scaleway.com/en/pricing/serverless/](https://www.scaleway.com/en/pricing/serverless/)

Cost scope: Modeled target native service and explicitly modeled state allocation; hosting and Tensor9 fees only when supplied.

Excluded costs and workload features:

* Provisioned concurrency, request/response streaming, ephemeral storage premiums, logs, function networking and event-source service charges.
* Self-managed or Premium backends need their provisioned idle floor separately; execution resource-hours alone do not establish scale-to-zero.
* Taxes, discounts, credits and free-tier allowances unless explicitly reflected in edited rates.
* Unmodeled dependent services, task execution and operations outside the selected workload family.

List prices read: 2026-10-22. Model: `plan-6fee5bfff3984b1bbc63534d7cf6617b50eb724b` / `2026-10-22.planning.2`. Curve: `workload-1`.

Sources: [AWS Price List API, AWSLambda offer](https://pricing.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/offers/v1.0/aws/AWSLambda/current/us-east-1/index.json), [Scaleway public product catalog](https://api.scaleway.com/product-catalog/v2alpha1/public-catalog/products), [Scaleway Serverless pricing](https://www.scaleway.com/en/pricing/serverless/).

See the [service catalog](/byoc/service-adapters/catalog.md) for operation coverage, supported directions and backend limitations.


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